21+Mirrors+and+Lenses

=__**Mirrors and Lenses:**__=

Reflection:

 * Law of Reflection: the angle of a reflection equals the angle of incidence, the reflected and incidence rays lie in a plane is normal to the reflecting surface.
 * When light hits a surface it can be absorbed, reflected, or refracted.
 * Absorbed: makes the atoms vibrate faster and makes them warm
 * Reflected: absorbed and reemitted through the same elementary medium
 * Refraction: bending of light through a substance, occurs because light travels a different speeds through different substances
 * less dense material the ray bends away from the normal, vice versa
 * Diffuse Reflection: when the surface is uneven rays a reflected in different directions

**Refraction:**

 * when light bends as it passes obliquely from one medium to another, occurs because light travels at different speeds
 * cause of refraction is the change in average speed of the light
 * refraction makes things look out of place
 * principle of refraction states the speed of the wave changes and is refracted
 * every substance refracts differently



**Scattering:**
non-uniformities in the medium through which they pass.
 * A process where some forms of radiation, such as light, sound or moving particles,are forced to deviate from a straight plane by one or more
 * droplets of water scatter to produce clouds
 * tiny drops - blue
 * medium drops - green
 * large drops - red
 * Cloud Droplets scatter all wavelengths of visble light creating the appearance of white clouds.


 * Polarizing:**
 * the alignment of transverse electric vectors that make up electromagnetic radiation, these are said to be polarized
 * plane-polarized - it travels along the same plane
 * vertically-polarized - it travels up and down on the plane
 * horizontally-polarized - it travels from side to side on a plane
 * can be emitted by a single vibrating electron
 * plane of polarization matches the vibrational direction of the electron

**Dispersion:**

 * seperation into colors arranged according to frequency is dispersion

Mirrors:

 * Flat Mirrors
 * rays diverge from the object, then diverge from the mirror surface
 * continue drawing the refracted rays it continues to show the size and the location of the image
 * produces virtual image
 * Virtual Image: image formed is upright
 * Curved Mirrors:
 * size and distance of the image is not equal to the size and distance to the object
 * create a real image
 * Real Image: image formed is upside down