17+Reflection,+Refraction,+Diffraction+&+Interference

 __Reflection, Refraction, Diffraction & Interference__

//Task: Explain why and when waves reflect, refract, diffract, and interfere. Make clear the difference between constructive and destructive interference, and explain how standing how standing waves form. Describe standing waves. //


 * Reflection **: The return of light rays from a surface in such a way that the angle at which a given ray is returned is equal to the angle at which it strikes the surface.
 * Why Reflection Happens**: an incident ray comes in towards an opaque surface the light is unable to go through it the only other option for the light ray is to bounce off.
 * When Reflection Occurs**: When a light ray hits an opaque surface the light cannot go through the object so it is reflected off.

Refraction **: The bending of a wave as it passes either through a nonuniform medium or from one medium to another, caused by differences in wave speed.
 * 
 * Why Refraction Happens**: Changing of average speed of light and going from one transparent medium to another.
 * When Refraction Happens**: When an incident ray comes towards a transparent surface and is able to go through it and when it does the ray exits the transparent object at a different angle.


 * Diffraction **: The bending of light as it passes around an obstacle or through a narrow slit, causing the light to spread and to produce light and dark fringes.

Interference **: The result of superposing two or more waves of the same wavelength. Constructive interference results from crest-to-crest reinforcement; destructive interference results from crest-to-trough cancellation.
 * 

Crest of one wave overlaps the crest of another. Their individual effects add together. The crest of one wave overlaps the trough of another. Their individual effects are either reduced or canceled. Used in anti-noise technology. Standing waves are produced when two sets of waves of equal amplitude and wavelength pass through each other in opposite directions. Example: By shaking a rope, you can cause the incident and reflected waves to interfere and form a standing wave.
 * Constructive Interference:
 * Why Constructive Interference Happens**:when two identical waves overlap and make a wave with the same frequency but twice the amplitude.
 * When Constructive Interference Happens**: When two waves overlap and make one wave.
 * Destructive Interference:
 * Why Destructive Interference Happens**: When two waves overlap and the waves are made smaller or cancel each other out.
 * When Destructive Interference Happens**: When two waves come together and overlap and cancel each other out.
 * Standing waves **: A stationary wave pattern formed in a medium when two sets of identical waves pass through the medium in opposite directions.
 * Why Standing Waves Happen**:They produce constructive and destructive waves.
 * When Standing Waves Happen**: When two sets of waves with equal amplitude and wavelength pass through each other in opposite directions.